빠른 속도의 팀을 위한 인시던트 관리
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When incidents strike, the key to minimizing impact and disruption lies in a swift, effective response. Whether it's a data breach, natural disaster, or operational outage, the ramifications can be far-reaching and costly. Companies must have an incident response process in place to detect, respond to, and recover from security events effectively.
In this article, we’ll explore what incident response entails, the importance of having an incident response plan, the key players involved, and the six phases of the incident response life cycle.
What is an incident response plan?
An incident response plan is a set of instructions or procedures that guide a company through the process of detecting, responding to, and recovering from incidents or security events. It outlines the roles and responsibilities of the incident response team, details reporting procedures, and provides step-by-step guidelines for handling an incident.
A well-crafted incident response plan, or incident response playbook, typically includes components such as the following:
- Incident identification and classification: This element of the plan allows for quick and accurate discernment of an issue's severity, ensuring that all incidents are adequately addressed in a timely manner.
- Communication and escalation procedures: Incident communication templates can be part of the plan for communicating incidents to stakeholders consistently and effectively.
- Containment and eradication strategies: Strategically designed to swiftly neutralize threats, these measures prevent further system harm and minimize possible downtime.
- Recovery and restoration processes: This integral component of the plan outlines the specific procedures for returning affected systems and services to a fully operational state, thereby ensuring business continuity.
- Post-incident activity, analysis, and improvement plans: By analyzing each incident, businesses can gain valuable insights into their vulnerabilities and craft improvement plans, fortifying their defense against future incidents.
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Incident response should be handled by a dedicated team of professionals with wide-ranging expertise. This group addresses each aspect of an incident, including technical investigation, legal compliance, and stakeholder communication.
The incident response team composition may vary depending on the company size and structure, but it generally includes the following roles:
- An incident commander or response manager oversees the entire incident response process and coordinates the team’s efforts.
- DevOps teams investigate and analyze incidents within their respective areas, identifying the root cause, and recommending remediation actions.
- Operations teams provide diverse expertise in areas such as network infrastructure, systems administration, and application development while ensuring compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
- IT support teams use their expertise in network infrastructure, systems administration, and application development to provide solutions and ensure operations keep running smoothly.
- Legal advisors ensure the incident response process complies with legal and regulatory requirements and advise on potential statutory implications.
Importance of effective incident response
Companies must have an effective incident response program to mitigate the operational, legal, and reputational consequences of incidents. A well-planned response can minimize damage, protect sensitive data, maintain trust and reputation, and ensure regulatory compliance.
Minimize damage
Quick and effective incident response can significantly limit the operational and financial effects of security incidents. By detecting and containing incidents early, companies can minimize downtime, data loss, and recovery costs.
Protects sensitive data
Incident response protects sensitive information, such as customer data, intellectual property, and financial records, from breaches and unauthorized access. By safeguarding privacy and confidentiality, companies can maintain the trust of their customers and partners.
Maintains trust and reputation
Effectively managing security incidents sustains customer trust and preserves a company’s reputation. Prompt and transparent communication and a well-executed response demonstrate a commitment to security and customer protection.
Ensures regulatory compliance
A structured incident response plan can help a company comply with legal and regulatory requirements, such as the General Data Protection Regulation, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, and the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard. Demonstrating due diligence in incident response helps avoid fines, penalties, and legal liability.
Six phases of the incident response life cycle
The incident response life cycle consists of six phases: preparation, identification, containment, eradication, recovery, and lessons learned. These phases, or incident response steps, provide a structured approach for companies to detect, respond to, and recover from cybersecurity incidents.
준비
The preparation phase includes developing policies, procedures, and tools to ensure the company can handle incident response.
One key activity is to create an incident response plan outlining the steps to take when an incident occurs. Many companies use incident response plan templates as a starting point to create customized plans. These templates provide a general framework that teams can adapt to their specific needs and structure.
Other key activities include establishing the computer incident response team, setting up communication channels and escalation procedures, implementing security monitoring, and adding detection and analysis tools.
식별
In the identification phase, the team detects and classifies potential security incidents based on their incident severity levels.
This phase involves monitoring systems and networks for anomalies, collecting and analyzing security logs and alerts, and triaging and prioritizing incidents based on predefined criteria.
억제
The containment phase focuses on limiting the spread and effect of an incident.
This comprises implementing short-term and long-term containment strategies, such as isolating affected systems and networks and blocking malicious traffic and access attempts. Additional strategies include applying security patches and updates and collecting and preserving evidence for further analysis.
근절
The eradication phase identifies the incident's root cause and removes it from the environment.
This may involve removing malware and compromised files, closing vulnerabilities and security gaps, resetting passwords, revoking compromised credentials, and rebuilding affected systems from clean backups.
복구
The recovery phase restores systems and operations to their normal state.
Core activities include restoring data and configurations from backups, testing and validating the integrity of restored systems, monitoring for any signs of re-infection or residual issues, and communicating the resolution to stakeholders.
교훈
The lessons learned phase ensures continuous improvement of the incident response process.
It involves conducting a post-incident review and analysis, identifying strengths and weaknesses in the response process, updating incident response plans and procedures based on insights from the current incident, and providing additional training and resources to the incident response team.
IT service management (ITSM) tools streamline and automate incident response workflows across the six incident response life cycle phases. They help companies respond to incidents with speed, precision, and coordination.
Use Jira Service Management for incident response
Today’s threat landscape demands that every company prioritize cyber incident response. Companies must develop a comprehensive incident response plan, form a skilled incident response team with diverse skills, and follow a structured approach to managing incidents. ITSM software, such as Jira Service Management, can help.
Jira Service Management provides a robust platform for streamlining and automating incident response workflows, helping companies respond to incidents with speed, precision, and coordination.
Features like ticketing, real-time collaboration, and integration support effective incident management. These features help teams in the following ways:
- They centralize incident reporting and tracking.
- They facilitate communication and collaboration among incident response team members.
- They automate workflows and notifications based on incident severity and priority.
- They provide real-time visibility into incident status and resolution progress.
- They generate reports and metrics for post-incident analysis and improvement.
Jira Service Management can improve incident response efficiency, reduce resolution times, and ensure a consistent and coordinated approach to managing security events.
Incident response: Frequently asked questions
What are some challenges in incident response?
Common challenges during incident response revolve around critical aspects. Teams may struggle with unclear roles, hampering coordination and swift action. Outdated or insufficient response plans can fail to address current threats effectively. Inadequate monitoring and alerting can delay detection and response. Containing and eradicating complex threats require advanced strategies and tools. Limited resources and expertise can complicate handling large-scale incidents. Finally, identifying and addressing the root cause is crucial for preventing recurrence and ensuring long-term security.
Who should be part of the incident response team?
The incident response team must include individuals with a variety of skills and roles to ensure all functions are thoroughly covered. Essential members typically consist of IT and security professionals such as network engineers, systems administrators, and cybersecurity analysts. Additionally, a legal advisor is necessary to address compliance and regulatory issues, a communications specialist to manage internal and external communications, and an executive sponsor to provide leadership and resources.
What tools can you use for incident response?
Tools for incident response include security information and event management systems for incident detection, endpoint detection and response tools for finding and containing threats, forensic tools for evidence collection, collaboration platforms for team coordination, and threat intelligence platforms for staying updated on the latest risks and vulnerabilities.
Jira Service Management is a single platform that consolidates all incoming alerts, fosters team cooperation and speeds up incident response.